多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，受孕不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

相片表现：龟头成像和MRI T2WI表明上皮细胞减小，一处囊蒸少于12亚厘米。一处上皮细胞游离在成像上最弱水声，MRI上高路径。未见占有优势卵蒸。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊疗：多囊上皮细胞综合征

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊上皮细胞综合征也叫S-L综合征。是女性不孕的最常见主因。主要是由于肾脏紊乱导致经常性无受精和激素肠道过盛。PCOS典型亦同征：肥胖、闭经和毛刺关节炎。但全部都是分之三关节炎状表现为此亦同关节炎。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需换用相片体检大幅度获取更多信息。典型的成像/MRI征象包括：上皮细胞减小、变圆，外周多发布氏蒸，上皮细胞游离US上最弱水声，T2WI高路径。PCOS关节炎状敦促经常性随访，因经常性甲状腺激素低水平过高，可能会诱发乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部相片病例未收）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊上皮细胞综合征

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 受孕

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 布氏

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 最弱水声的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 男婴

7. endocrinologic 肾脏的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止受精

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 激素过多关节炎

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 魏茨县

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 毛刺关节炎

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 上皮细胞

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 游离

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 激发水声（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 甲状腺激素

原原文：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊上皮细胞综合征